DSA/algorithms/CPlusPlus/Trees/pre-in-post-traversal.cpp

168 lines
3.7 KiB
C++

#include<iostream>
#include<stack>
#define endl "\n"
using namespace std;
// Basic Structure of a Tree
struct Node{
int data;
struct Node *left;
struct Node *right;
Node(int val){
data = val;
left = NULL;
right = NULL;
}
};
/* Pre, In and Post order Traversal of a Binary Tree using recusrion */
/* Complexity for each Traversal : O(n) */
// LST -> Left SubTree RST -> Right SubTree
// Pre-Order goes like :- Root, LST, RST (Recursively)
void pre_order(struct Node* root){
if(root == NULL)
return;
cout<<root->data<<" ";
pre_order(root->left);
pre_order(root->right);
}
// In-Order goes like :- LST, Root, RST (Recursively)
void in_order(struct Node* root){
if(root == NULL)
return;
in_order(root->left);
cout<<root->data<<" ";
in_order(root->right);
}
// Pre-Order goes like :- LST, RST, Root (Recursively)
void post_order(struct Node* root){
if(root == NULL)
return;
post_order(root->left);
post_order(root->right);
cout<<root->data<<" ";
}
/* Pre, In and Post order Traversal of a Binary Tree using Iteration */
/* Complexity for each Traversal : O(n) */
void NRpreorder(struct Node* root) //Iterative Preorder Traversal
{
stack <Node*> s;
while(!s.empty() || root!=NULL)
{
while(root!=NULL)
{
cout<<root->data<<" ";
s.push(root);
root=root->left;
}
root=s.top();
s.pop();
root=root->right;
}
}
void NRinorder(struct Node* root) //Iterative Inorder Traversal
{
stack <Node*> s;
while(!s.empty() || root!=NULL)
{
while(root!=NULL)
{
s.push(root);
root=root->left;
}
root=s.top();
s.pop();
cout<<root->data<<" ";
root=root->right;
}
}
void NRpostorder(struct Node* root) //Iterative Postorder Traversal
{
stack <Node*> s1;
stack <int> s2;
while(root!=NULL)
{
s1.push(root);
s2.push(0);
root=root->left;
}
while(!s1.empty())
{
root=s1.top();
if(s2.top()==1)
{
s1.pop();
s2.pop();
cout<<root->data<<" ";
}
else
{
s2.top()=1;
root=root->right;
while(root!=NULL)
{
s1.push(root);
s2.push(0);
root=root->left;
}
}
}
}
int main(){
Node* root = new Node(1);
root->left = new Node(2);
root->right = new Node(3);
root->left->left = new Node(4);
root->left->right = new Node(5);
root->right->right = new Node(7);
/*
1
/ \
2 3
/ \ \
4 5 7
Expected-> From Recursive calls :
pre-order : 1 2 4 5 3 7
in-order : 4 2 5 1 3 7
post-order : 4 5 2 7 3 1
From Non-Recursive/Iterative calls :
preorder : 1 2 4 5 3 7
inorder : 4 2 5 1 3 7
postorder : 4 5 2 7 3 1
*/
// Tree Traversal using recursive calls
cout<<"From Recursive calls : "; cout<<endl;
cout<<"pre-order : "; pre_order(root); cout<<endl;
cout<<"in-order : "; in_order(root); cout<<endl;
cout<<"post-order : "; post_order(root); cout<<endl<<endl;
// ~~~~~~ Tree Traversal using non-recusive/Iterative calls ~~~~~~
cout<<"From Non-Recursive/Iterative calls : "; cout<<endl;
cout<<"preorder : "; NRpreorder(root); cout<<endl;
cout<<"inorder : "; NRinorder(root); cout<<endl;
cout<<"postorder : "; NRpostorder(root); cout<<endl;
return 0;
}