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  1. Real world  uses with quantum  advantage 

What do we use it for? : The Next Critical Question

Now that we know a few central concepts  needed to understand quantum computation, quantum learners should take a bit of time to step back to look at the larger  context in which quantum  can be massively advantageous in  applying this technology towards, before stepping into the further technical components. While many of the following solutions have not yet been realized, it serves as  motivation for building future applications for not  only the scopes  of this work but also for  future quantum leaders to start understanding the importance of learning quantum in the first place! 

5a. Applications: 

These are an explanation of the possible solutions with quantum technology that are not possible (in  our lifetimes) using current digital or classic computing. The various applications that can be improved are described here as well as possibilities for solutions that we did not previously even know we could have. Here we will be talking about the real-world applications of quantum technology upon understanding the basics.

  • AI: The applications in AI are enormous  in allowing us to  speed up our tools  to make our digital technology transformatively improved. Quantum information processing encompasses a much broader category of technologies, and thus is associated with a wider set of security concerns; this is typically the implied category when discussed by scholars and practitioners. These concerns are generally less concrete but revolve around the increased computing capability of quantum systems. Identified concerns include increase decryption power, improved AI performance, and more robust data processing

  • Defense: There have been concerns that quantum technology applications might affect nuclear weapon capable submarines (SSBN) near-invulnerability “Although quantum technology has not made it into broad public security debates, it is vita to now have conversation on its possible impact on security and defense especially on nuclear weapons.”“The NATO Science & Technology Organization called security and military applications of quantum technologies one of the “major strategic disruptors over the next 20-years.

  • Navigation: Quantum Positioning Systems promise increased accuracy, confidentiality protection, anti-interference ability and smaller energy consumption compared with traditional devices.54 For quantum detection in the underwater environment, scientists expect a 1000-fold improvement in performance t existing inertial navigation sensors.5 Through “rapid re-acquisition of lost signals and the ability to keep time t an accuracy of a microsecond or less for hours or days”56, they could provide for additional navigational redundancy. Submarines also offer a stable, quiet and controlled environment with time and space for maintenance of heavy and bulky devices. Before miniaturization hits in, we can expect submarines to be one of the first adopters of quantum inertial navigation.

  • Other applications from quantum computing lead to improving science, medications to save lives, machine learning methods to diagnose illnesses sooner, materials to make more efficient devices and structures, financial strategies to live well in retirement, and algorithms to direct resources such as ambulances quickly.

With respect to the defense industry specifically, 40 organizations (translating to roughly 20 percent of the manufacturing base) have potential dual-use applications. Of those organizations that indicated the defense industry as a target industry, many identified operation analysis and automation (for vehicles and drones) as potential industry applications. 

  • Cybersecurity: Additionally, cybersecurity, and the potential for quantum computers to break standard encryption models, may be another key source of dual-use tension.Additionally, for certain high-risk activities, such as quantum decryption, end-use controls could be applied to firms developing relevant software technologies. Importantly, as argued by many of the ANPRM comments, trade controls on the quantum computing manufacturing base must be highly targeted so as to avoid overarching controls that will result in the U.S. losing research prominence or economic gains to be secured by nations with leading quantum computing companies. To further this effort the National Institute of Standards and Technology convened the Quantum Economic Development Consortium (QED-C), in order to support a robust American manufacturing base and supply chain for quantum technologies.Indeed according to the report it was stated that “The ramifications of quantum computing and communication are far more likely to change the strategic security landscape in ways as yet undetermined...”Quantum communication promises improved security of communication between two separate actors through entanglement of photons or atoms. Primarily, this could benefit actors attempting to secure their communications through advanced encryption and interference detection capabilities. However, a secondary effect is the impact that the application of quantum communication may have on actors who rely heavily on intelligence infiltration of other actors systems.

  • Finance: For example, early analyses have been conducted to determine ways in which quantum computers could be applied to solve complex problems in the financial industry. There are applications to order finding that the financial sectors would find extremely useful. 

  • Other uses for quantum technology: Compared to quantum computing, which encompasses technologies that are programmable and able to accomplish a number of different types of computation, quantum metrology and quantum communication are areas that apply specific quantum mechanics principles in order to accomplish explicit tasks. Quantum communication typically applies the quantum entanglement phenomenon to increase the security of communication and to increase the ease of detection in an attempt to hack a communication link. Quantum metrology applies quantized energy levels, quantum coherence, and quantum entanglement to measure extremely sensitive physical quantities. In addition to quantum computing, other areas are emerging in the realm of quantum technologies, including quantum metrology and quantum communication.

Quantum sensors: A company that is developing sensor, such as a clock, magnetometer, gravimeter, or accelerometer, that has improved precision, compared to existing technology, by taking advantage of the ability to finely control the quantum states of the system, while still being able to be used for commercial applications Quantum networking and communication: A company that is producing quantum-key distribution technologies or software, or is engaged in the development of hardware technologies to distribute entangled states.

To emphasize however, these are not just ideas though they may be solutions of just what someone like me would appreciate to see in the world. Several industries and disciplines have already started to incorporate quantum technologies within their fields. The following shows a diagram of all the different industries exploring quantum tech in recent years.

Figure 5.1: It is worth noting that the category with the lowest investment in quantum technology is the education sector, a crucial discipline to allow for rapid innovation in the rest of the following categories.

 Therefore, being able to see and understand exactly what quantum technology is used for will open the quantum beginners’ imagination for what could be next in the future  and to keep in pace with current trends. With applications in healthcare, finance, manufacturing, transportation, pharmacy, cybersecurity, encryption, defense, communication, education, and business, there is hardly any industry that quantum technology may not touch in the coming years. 

Again, the purpose  of this is to serve as motivation for further imagination to  the minds of the reader. Indeed, any type of probabilistic computation is possible as these just serve as broad examples for the future. When the quantum learner is ready to walk alongside the others in the field to advance quantum computation, they will have fully understood the following applications as possibilities  for the purpose of bettering humanity.  Next, they can understand exactly how to create this future.**

Version 1

These are an explanation of the solutions with quantum not possible with digital/classic computing. The various applications that can be improved are described here as well as possibilities for solutions that we did not previously even know we could solve. Here we will be talking about the real-world applications of quantum technology after understanding the basics.

There has been concerns that quantum technology applications might affect nuclear weapon capable submarines (SSBN) near-invulnerability (page 4 on Quantum Technology and Submarine Near-Invulnerability.pdf*)

“Although quantu technology has no made it into broa public security debates, it is vita to now have conversation on it possible impact o security and defence especially on nuclea weapons.”

“The NATO Scienc & Technology Organization calle security and military applications of quantum technologies one of the “major strategic disruptors over the next 20-years.

The biggest obstacles to the development of quantum-based applications are aligning technology with end-user needs, reducing the size weight and power consumption of enabling technologies, reducing and surpressing hardware errors, correcting background noise, developing th quantum repeaters necessary for longdistance communication and increasin the number, quality and circuit depth o qubits in quantum computers

Quantum Positioning Systems promise increased accuracy, confidentialit protection, anti-interference ability and smaller energy consumption compared with traditional devices.54 For quantum detection in the underwate environment, scientists expect a 1000fold improvement in performance t existing inertial navigation sensors.5 Through “rapid re-acquisition of lost signals and the ability to keep time t an accuracy of a microsecond or less for hours or days”56, they could provide for additional navigational redundancy. Submarines also offer a stable, quie and controlled environment with tim and space for maintenance of heavy an bulky devices. Before miniaturisation hits in, we can expect submarines to be one of the first adopters of quantum inertial navigation

“The ramifications of quantum computing an communication ar far more likely to change the strategi security landscap in ways as ye undetermined...”

Other application from quantum computing lead to improving science, medications to save lives, machine learning methods to diagnose illnesses sooner, materials to make more efficient devices and structures, financial strategies to live well in retirement, and algorithms to direct resources such as ambulances quickly

  • highlighted by Shwetha Jayaraj at page 3 on US Black Engineer Quantum.pdf

    With respect to the defense industry specifically, 40 organizations (translating to roughly 20 percent of the manufacturing base) have potential dual-use applications Of those organizations that indicated the defense industry as a target industry, many identified operation analysis and automation (for vehicles and drones) as potential industry applications. Additionally, cybersecurity, and the potential fo quantum computers to break standard encryption models, may be another key source of dual-use tension.

  • highlighted by Shwetha Jayaraj at page 19 on Quantum Computing Technology report.pdf

Additionally, for certain high-risk activities, such as quantum decryption, end-use controls could be applied to firms developing relevant software technologies. Importantly, as argued by many o the ANPRM comments, trade controls on the quantum computing manufacturin base must be highly targeted so as to avoid overarching controls that will result i the U.S. losing research prominence or economic gains to be secured by nations with leading quantum computing companies

further this effort the National Institute of Standards and Technology convened the Quantu Economic Development Consortium (QED-C), in order to support a robust American manufacturing base and supply chain for quantum technologies.

For example, early analyses have been conducted to determine ways in which quantum computers could be applied to solve complex problems in the financial industry.

Compared to quantum computing, which encompasses technologies that are programmable and able to accomplish a number of different types of computation quantum metrology and quantum communication are areas that apply specific quantum mechanics principles in order to accomplish explicit tasks. Quantum communication typically applies the quantum entanglement phenomenon to increase the security of communication and to increase the ease of detection i an attempt to hack a communication link occurs.95 Quantum metrology applies quantized energy levels, quantum coherence, and quantum entanglement to measure extremely sensitive physical quantities.96

Quantum information processing encompasses a much broader category of technologies, and thus is associated with a wider set of security concerns; this is typically the implied category when discussed by scholars and practitioners. These concerns are generally less concrete but revolve around the increase computing capability of quantum systems. Identified concerns include increase decryption power, improved AI performance, and more robust data processing

Quantum communication promises improved security of communication between two separate actors through entanglement of photons or atoms. Primarily, this could benefit actors attempting to secure their communications through advanced encryption and interference detection capabilities. However, a secondary effec is the impact that the application of quantum communication may have on actors who rely heavily on intelligence infiltration of other actors’systems

Quantum computing hardware: A company tha is building a quantum computer using any one o many different hardware approaches, such as super conducting, trapped-ion, or photonic qubits. Additionally, this includes the software development required for the hardware to operate, including, bu not necessarily, all the way to a full-stack provision o quantum programming languages to end users wh want to run their own quantum algorithms. At th current time, these companies may also be developing software to simulate the operation of a quantu computer on a classical machine. 4. Quantum algorithms and applications: A com pany that takes a real-world problem and applie knowledge of quantum computation to that problem in an attempt to solve it, or at least to demonstrat that it is possible to solve, with the goal of achieving a solution faster than a classical computer. They ma also be involved with the development of ne algorithms to run on quantum computers. Thes are the current “end users” of quantum computin hardware. 5. Facilitating technologies: A company that builds often customized, hardware that is used in either quantum sensors, networking and communication, or computing hardware, such as laser, cryogenic, vacuum, and signal processing components

  1. Quantum sensors: A company that is developing sensor, such as a clock, magnetometer, gravimeter, or accelerometer, that has improved precision, compared to existing technology, by taking advantag of the ability to finely control the quantum states o the system, while still being able to be used fo commercial applications 2. Quantum networking and communication: A company that is producing quantum-key distributio technologies or software, or is engaged in th development of hardware technologies to distribute entangled states.

Grover’s algorithm [23, 24] is a search algorithm initially developed for unstructured data. It can also be described in terms of an oracle, which is a function with some promise or propert that can be evaluated as many times as we want, and our goal is to determine the property that the function has

the algorithm finds the eigenvalue exp(2πφ), so that U |ψ〉 = exp(2πφ)|ψ〉, where φ is the phase of the eigenvalue. This algorithm provides a alternative way of factoring integers and calculating discrete logarithms. Not only that, it is used in many applications such as quantum counting.

Application to order-finding

  • highlighted by Shwetha Jayaraj at page 99 on BasicQuantumAlgorithms.pdf “ Literally from the tiniest aspects of computing to the way we design algorithms, quantum computing introduces a new paradigm for programming computers for mainstream applications that demand heavy number crunching, such as:

Optimizing scanning of magnetic resonance images (MRI) in radiology.[3] Understanding complex molecular structures for building life-saving drugs.[4] Hyper-large-scale logistics and transportation-routing problems.[5] Auto companies[6] are betting that quantum computers will help build better batteries, route autonomous vehicles (self-driving cars), and optimize assembly lines.”

Excerpt From: Nihal Mehta Ph.D. “Quantum Computing.” Apple Books.

!Pasted image 20221211013701.png